The party member “the Apple” Evgenie Ambartsumov in 1992 coined the expression “inner circle”, which meant the new States formed as a result of the collapse of the Soviet Union: their recognition should not contradict the protection of Russian interests in the former Soviet Union. They formed the opinion of those who regretted the collapse of the Soviet Union, including Vladimir Putin, who was then little known. The first case occurred in 1992, when the Russian-speaking Transnistria seceded from Moldova. An even more serious turn took the events of 1993 when Abkhazia declared secession from Georgia and joined her in the war. Russia then intervened by means of “undeclared war” in the words of Eduard Shevardnadze. Independent and focused on Russia Abkhazia carried out ethnic cleansing of Georgians, who previously comprised about 40% of its population. Russia has regained two of the lost link.
With the coming to power of Putin’s desire to expand the boundaries gave rise to a foreign policy based on the criteria that Stalin in 1937, Dimitrov stated: the restoration of the borders of the Russian Empire under the guise of the USSR. Proletarian imperialism with military force, not paying attention to any legal principles. Here — Finnish war of 1939, the suppression of the uprising in Hungary in 1956, the invasion of Czechoslovakia in 1968 and the annexation of Crimea in 2014.
Since the Third international, his favorite was intelligence activities and the introduction of agents of influence. Sometimes it led to false charges as in the case of Negrín (Negrín) during the Civil war in Spain, sometimes these attempts were successful, for example, the introduction of the Communist party of Spain in the ranks of the socialists in the days of francoism.
If we talk about larger scale, the introduction of agents of influence ended when East Germany in 70-e years have introduced intelligence officer Gunter Guillaume (Gunter Guillaume) to the office of Chancellor Willy Brandt, where he became his personal assistant on issues of rapprochement between the two Germanies. If confirmed guesses and assumptions, the introduction of Gunter Guillaume may assign in its consequences campaign to discredit Hillary Clinton and support trump in the recent elections. Clinton compared Putin’s aggressive policy of Hitler in the 1930-ies. The acquisition of new territory by any means and at any cost. All this is experienced by Ukraine lost first the Crimea, then Donetsk and Lugansk regions.
The second criterion of Stalin consisted in the following: the socialist state was created so that none of its parts could not exist in isolation, without entering into insoluble conflicts. Moldova historically gravitated to Romania, annexing Transnistria; Georgia included South Ossetia and Abkhazia, aspiring to autonomy. It was enough to give everyone the inhabitants of these republics have Russian passports, in order to justify military action against Georgia in 2008 without declaring war. Now Russian tourists freely enter Georgia without visas, while Georgians are not able to get into some regions of their legitimate territory. And the EU is silent.
Master course Stalin was separated from Armenia in 1921 Nagorno-Karabakh enclave, which was part of the Soviet socialist Republic of Azerbaijan. The growth of crisis phenomena in the Soviet Union, Nagorno-Karabakh, a predominantly Armenian population in February 1988 was required to include it in the Soviet socialist Republic of Armenia. In response, a three-day pogrom against the Armenian population in Sumgait, located on the outskirts of Baku. The cruelty and brutality of the rioters shocked the Soviet soldiers arrived to suppress riots without the official authorities of Azerbaijan. They were confronted with murder, arson, rape, robbery. All this provoked the decision of the Politburo of the CPSU Central Committee. In 1991, Azerbaijan and Nagorno-Karabakh declared its independence in 1992, war broke out, which ended with the defeat of Azerbaijan. Becoming independent only de facto, Karabakh was part of Armenia and has taken control of a vast territory to the South-East was left vulnerable to attack Azerbaijan from the North.
The cease-fire turned into a smoldering conflict that broke out in April 2016, when the Azerbaijani side made an unexpected attempt to attack, which was eventually suppressed and was accompanied by new atrocities. Violence in war 1990-ies, when the bombardment of the peaceful Armenian population of Karabakh and allegations of the Khojaly massacre made by Azerbaijan to the Armenian military, has caused a mass Exodus of Armenian and Azerbaijani communities. Without clear prospects of durable peace, Karabakh is now trying to build democracy under the guise of Armenia, while Azerbaijan, which possesses far greater resources and under the dictatorship of the Aliyev family, seeks revenge. Putin sells arms to both, though its strategic interests lean towards the strengthening of Armenia. The legacy of Stalin, again, breeds tragedy.
Antonio Elorsa — head of the Department of political science.
