Today the system of vocational education, which meant the financing of the majority of vocational schools at the expense of subventions from the state budget, practically ceased to exist. On the regional VET system: now the regional councils independently shape the regional order for professionals, and then determine the funding of education from local budgets. This led to the fact that vocational education in the regions is developing unevenly due to the differences in prosperity of the regions.
Even within those 19 state of professions (the driver of the rig, testout, machine operator of woodworking machines, the painter, the mechanic on repair of road-building machines and tractors, the gardener, the beekeeper, etc.), preparation of which will be state money, has not done without nuances. About this and other problems VET we talked to the Vice-President of the Ukrainian Association of workers in vocational education Ruslan Nedashkovskiy.
WHAT WILL CONSOLIDATION AND HOW TO BE TO NONRESIDENT
At this stage there are questions, the answers to which are not yet able to satisfy everyone. “In terms of necessary personnel for the region is positive. And in part national demand for specific occupations, it will be difficult to model, — said Ruslan Nedashkovsky. In particular, the problem after decentralization may be a lack of opportunities for young people to enroll in a vocational school in other regions — despite the fact that it is a violation of the Constitution of Ukraine”.
It is unclear how they would do in vocational school students from other regions.
WHO LOT. Also minus is that the regional and city budgets of Ukraine different filling, and therefore funding, maintenance and development of vocational education by regions is not uniform. Hope here lay in the possibility of multi-channel financing to long-term prospect.
CONSOLIDATION AND RENEWAL. The second delicate point in continuing the theme of reform, workers in the field of VET noted the enlargement of a vocational school by consolidating and closing. According to the Ministry of education of Ukraine, as of 1 September 2016, Ukraine had 809 vocational schools, with 305 of them were less than 300 people, 101 to 200 and 35 from 26 to 100 students. “The plan is to reduce the number of vocational schools in 30 schools — said Nedashkovskiy. If this is a consolidation of related the profile of educational institutions that are located geographically close, it is possible that it will give a positive result.”
Alarming one question: most of the schools that were under threat in rural vocational schools that mostly prepare tractor drivers and other professionals needed for the APK. The loss of such institutions would have a negative impact on rural development, experts warn. The inconsistency here in the fact, tell the Directors of the vocational schools of the Kiev region, what occupations, such as tractor-driver of agricultural production, seamstress-cutter, fitter of sanitary-engineering systems and equipment identified MES as a priority three. And, therefore, require a significant upgrade of material-technical base.
BUSINESS IS READY TO TEACH
Businesses in many regions are willing to pay for training qualified personnel for themselves or to help with technical base. Also becoming more accessible practice with paying students for their work. “We, the farmers, the mining industry is ready to assume part of the costs, help with training and practice for modern technology (under their leadership). Besides, if they need 15 workers, they are willing to train 20 people”, — says first Deputy head of Lviv regional state administration Rostislav zamlinsky.
The practice has become more accessible.
OPERATION “MODERNIZATION” AND THE POPULARITY OF
Related work on modernization of material-technical base in these professions has already begun. “In 2016, established training centers in several regions of Ukraine, — told “Today” in Mont. — The largest investment was made to create training centres for training of tractor drivers, each of which is allocated 19 million. Only in the first stage, 50 million UAH for creation of training centres for these professions. By the end of 2016, the Cabinet has allocated 50 million UAH”.
A positive point is that vocational education at today’s hearing. The question of reform is discussed in Parliament, in the Cabinet, in social networks. Of the practical steps that deserves attention is the creation of apprenticeship centres, vocational schools at the expense of public funds, and in the future — at the expense of regional funds and investments. If each region will have at least 4 regional centre for professions that are relevant in this region — it will be a major breakthrough in vocational education, experts believe.
KUDOS TO THE PTO. Another important issue is to popularize vocational education. Now, there is an imbalance: the number of College graduates by the graduates of vocational schools is 4:1, although by European standards it should be the opposite. Because of this, inefficiently used public funds, as a significant number of graduates cannot find employment, then perekvalifitsiruetsya or receive vocational education. Also many from the PTU takes the lowest score contrib (101) and scholarship: in vocational schools it is 415 UAH, in technical schools (colleges) — 830 UAH, and in universities, it is almost three times more (although, now that many complain of unclear criteria for its receipt, there may be a different situation).
A thorny issue is social protection of vocational schools: recall from 1.01.2015 years, not funded (not available) nutrition in the Chernobyl-affected areas 4 categories, there is practically no preferential transport and so on. But manufacturing and the service sector is greatly enhanced. Accordingly, the demand for skilled workers rises sharply: today the order (all regions) in Ukraine is 113 thousand.
