Crimea is experiencing difficulties with attracting private investment. Although formally the capital expenditure showed a growth driver of growth are the funds from the Federal budget of the Russian Federation. Most of the proposed projects by the authorities left without investors, foreign and large Russian private companies, as a rule, refuse to work on the Peninsula, for fear of sanctions. Also, many visiting businessmen claim about the unfair attitude of the local authorities and leave Crimea.
Formally, the situation in the investment sector of the Peninsula are good. On the investment portal of the so-called Republic of Crimea (RK) argues that the total value of existing investment projects is RUR 134.4 billion rubles (data for Sevastopol not part of RK, no). Authorities are trying to attract investors, mainly through participation in the annual forums of economic orientation. For example, in 2016 at the Yalta forum officials, the ROK signed 12 agreements worth 70 billion on the Sochi — two in the amount of 9.5 billion.
However, these agreements are General, i.e. they should not be, as described in the document of intention will be realized.
Statistics, at first glance, also showing a positive trend. According to the latest available data for January-September 2016, investment in fixed capital in the Crimea amounted to 25.7 billion rubles. In particular, to 18.8 billion was invested in Kazakhstan, which is by 43.5% more than the same period of last year, and 6.9 billion in Sevastopol, an increase of 20.8%.
But attracted to Kazakhstan for the first three quarters of 2016 18,8 billion, which is only 39% of the total full 2015 (47.6 billion). Data for the fourth quarter are not yet published, but there is no doubt that over the last three months of the year managed to attract one and a half times more than over the previous nine months combined. In other words, the results of the year of Kazakhstan can show a decline. Full data on Sevastopol to conduct a similar comparison with the figures for the full year 2015 no.
In addition, the above statistics include attachments of all business entities, including state and funded at public expense. The Kremlin provides substantial funds to various investment projects on the Peninsula, but its ability to has decreased by. And the involvement in the Crimea private investment, the situation is complicated.
According to the investment portals of the two regions, in Kazakhstan the total number of proposed investment projects is 441, and investors are found only under the 123 project. In Sevastopol two projects with investors, and another 19 still remain without funding.
Also in Kazakhstan are 784 companies registered in the so-called Free economic zone (FEZ) and receive tax benefits, but not all of them are going to make investments. In particular, as reported last week, the Minister of economic development Andrey Melnikov, about 200 participants of the SEZ did not provide information even about the beginning of his career, not to mention a significant investment.
Among the largest investment projects in the Crimea is the construction of the new terminal of the Simferopol airport cost 32 billion roubles, which is in full swing at the moment. But the project is difficult to call private: most of the money to give him close to the Kremlin, the Bank “Russia”, controlled by the Russian government, the state Bank RNCB and the government of Kazakhstan.
Also stated large projects of housing development. For example, “Capital group commercial” takes place in Simferopol, construction of a huge residential complex “zhigulina Roshcha” on 20 thousand inhabitants. According to system SPARK, the owner of the company is hidden under the Cyprus offshore Synestra Trading, but its CEO is a former Deputy of the Verkhovna Rada of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (2006-2014) Eduard Grivkovsky. The project is worth 17 billion rubles is being implemented with co-financing of the developer and the Treasury of the Republic, and also through the provision by the government of the Russian Federation funds within the Federal target program on infrastructure development of the Crimea and giving the developer tax breaks. In addition, the state Bank RNCB assists with the sale of real estate by providing soft mortgage loans.
Another 5.4 billion wants to invest the company “rich-plus” in the construction of “world City” in Simferopol. The owner of the company-Builder, according to SPARK, is Vladislav Kuzmin, the owner of “Carbon” — one of the largest construction companies of the Peninsula. ‘min is the brother of the former Deputy of the city Council of Sevastopol Yevgeny Kuzmin.
Try to go to the Crimea, and many businessmen from mainland Russia. For example, in December it became known that the Moscow Shoe manufacturer OOO “Zenden” (trademark Zenden), which has 251 stores in Russia, intends to build a Shoe factory in Yevpatoriya value of 1 billion rubles with a capacity of 1 million pairs of shoes per year. This was announced by the state Bank RNCB, which lends to the company.
As told RBC in an interview with the owner of “Senden” Andrey Pavlov, the sanctions of the US and Europe against Russia and Crimea — “a serious challenge for businessmen and investors”, but in Crimea it is kompensiruet the presence of the free economic zone. In particular, the Shoe factory will be exempt from paying taxes on property and land, Federal income tax, and customs duties. Contributions to the Pension Fund, social insurance Fund and medical insurance schemes decreased from 22%, 2.9% and 5.1% respectively to 6%, 1,5% and 0.1%. On the other hand, these benefits are partially eaten expensive delivery of materials for construction of the plant. Sandwich panels, for example, the company purchases in Rostov, Krasnodar and Ryazan, while the delivery cost is 33% of the price of the product itself.
However, there are many examples when businessmen have difficulties with investments in the Crimea. For example, in 2015, a businessman from St. Petersburg Yuriy Rovinsky wanted to invest 5.4 billion rubles in the reconstruction of the port of Theodosius the construction of the oil terminal. According to the source EurasiaNet.org participating in the project, the entrepreneur was engaged in them in the interests of large Russian companies are afraid to go to Crimea because of the sanctions. Among them — the company “Rosneft”.
But the project was never implemented. As reported EurasiaNet.org Yuriy Rovinsky, he refused it, faced with “a complete lack of understanding of the authorities of Crimea”. “They welcome investors, but in fact a complete show stopper. Everything is done through either their own, or for themselves. And not for the benefit of the business. When I tried to do the project, I was constantly faced with hints and suggestions for the organization of various kinds of corrupt schemes. To which, of course, I couldn’t go. In General, it is necessary to wait until everything is settled with the authorities. Now she slurred,” said he.
After the annexation of Crimea to Russia on the Peninsula wanted to build housing several companies from St. Petersburg — “KVS”, “S. E. R.” and “Warrior-In”. In Crimea, they were planning to break the local tradition of the market, which, according to them, is to “drive a crappy economy, bezobrazie city [Sevastopol]”. The owner of the “Warrior-In” Oleg Glushchenko was told EurasiaNet.org that he had a special relationship with Crimea, as he is a native of Sevastopol. He was going to build there a residential complex “Villa Victoria”, but before the building never came. Find out why the employees failed, as his phone was switched off. In “Warrior” announced EurasiaNet.org that Glushchenko has refused these plans.
Nothing is built in the Crimea and the company “FAC” and “S. E. R.”. In KVS initially refused to comment on its plans for work in the Crimea, and now on the company website there is no information about it. And on the website “C. E. R.” at the moment presented residential complex “Leningrad district” in Sevastopol on the site of 7.8 ha. However, as the message on the website of the developer, at the end of 2015 continued various consent authorities, and the construction was not conducted. Since then any news about these plans, the company did not publish.
Another businessman from St. Petersburg, who asked not to be named, has for several years tried to rent a 147 ha of the Black sea near the village of Kacha (Sevastopol) to breed Mediterranean mussels and oysters. However, the Azov-black sea territorial administration Rosrybolovstva has regularly refused in allocation of the waters of, in his opinion, on formal grounds, resulting in the end of 2016, abandoned the project and went back to Petersburg. Meanwhile, three companies that constantly receive such water areas, he said, are in permanent search of investors, and actually fish do not breed.
