Ukraine has simplified rules for granting loans. The NBU has slightly eased the requirements on assessment of borrowers and the formation of reserves, which were tested in summer 2016, and fully entered into force on 1 January 2017 So sprosit NBU registration of loans in a few cases, writes UBR.
1. Collateral under the castle
Canceled last year, the NBU requirement that the loan may be released only on the security of goods of the enterprise, which is located in the premises owned by the Bank. The Deposit is allowed to be stored on the territory of the borrower.
“The rules remain rigid. But if the criteria of the credit risk is met, the opportunity to take the goods in pledge is. The only thing the Bank needs now to control the availability of collateral every month, not every three months like before,” explained acting Chairman of the Board of Vector-Bank Oleg Fesenko.
2. Other defaults nothing
From the Bank-the lender will no longer require to lower grade of the borrower, if it belongs to the category of default with another Bank. That is, the Bank will be able to economize on reserves: in addition to “freeze” on the account is not 100% of the amount of credit issued, and from 0.5% to 70% of the loan. Depending on the assessment, which will be assigned to the borrower.
“At one Bank, the company serves the loan, pays interest, extinguishes the body, and the Bank across the street does not serve, for example, due to disputes or the courts. Why Bank where loans are extinguished, downgrade of the borrower, to worsen the conditions and increase the redundancy,” — said the Director of Treasury of a Commercial industrial Bank Andrey Ponomarev.
3. Its rating around the head
When financing investment projects (construction of different objects) banks are allowed until January 1, 2019 to determine the default rate, which will be assigned to the borrower. And to decide for themselves how to form reserves.
As noted Fesenko, banks can develop your own method with justification of all components of the assessment, to calculate the future financial flows of the project. Earlier evaluation had to fit into the overall concept of the class definition of the borrower, which was difficult because of individual differences in projects, construction delays, changes their plans.
Risks of investment projects, banks will evaluate themselves
“The projects are different, the construction was beset by delays, and summarize all changes under a single scheme was impossible. And the banks had to ask the Bank — whether they assess the risk? Now they will be able to work on my technique,” said President of the Ukrainian analytical center Alexander Okhrimenko.
This should greatly simplify the financing of investment projects in Ukraine.
“The construction of a plant designed for 5 – 7 years and an integral indicator of the financial condition can be assessed only after completion of construction. And what is its financial condition at the beginning? Zero. And that, if given, say, 10 million UAH, that at zero finasterie reserve is also 10 million UAH while the project does not work? Therefore, banks were given the backlash in the establishment of a class of the borrower, which reduces further demands on the reserves in times”, — commented on the innovation of the Chairman of the Board RwS bank Vladislav Kravets.
4. Monetary relief
Exporters will no longer refuse the loans due to problems with the flow of foreign exchange earnings. They are not going to take into account when assigning borrower class and the formation of Bank reserves, as it was previously: if revenue has been insufficient, the Bank immediately lowers the class of the borrower. Then had to ask the company additional collateral and to build large reserves. Now the Bank will take into account the currency risks, only changes in key financial indicators.
“Those customers who manage their currency risk and does not significantly lose in profitability and capital in the case of negative dynamics of the course, will have a stable rating and will not require additional reserves from the Bank”, — assured the Deputy Chairman of the Board of Taskombank Ivan Almyashev.
The new approach will make it much easier lending to Ukrainian exporters, who send their goods abroad, and actively credited in the banks wait until the money for your goods. “If the supply and revenue of the same grain trader go through the seasons, and spring proceeds the currency fell/do not exist, then certain requirements of the borrower should be assessed as unreliable and to increase the reserve. This requirement was removed,” — said Okhrimenko.
5. State phobia
New document soften requirements on Bank lending to state agencies, which commercial banks have in recent months frequently been denied credit. Talking about the companies in which Ukraine holds a 51% stake. So borrowers indicator loss given default reduced from 45% to 30%. It makes life easier for banks — reduced the requirements for their reserves.
“Now even pure state structure can be financed. They return the loans due to the refinancing in other banks: maturity of loans came tender and at the expense of attraction of funds of another Bank, the debt is extinguished. They live in such a regime in recent years”, — said Vladislav Kravets.
6. Of the condominiums did borrowers
In the new document, the NBU has established requirements for risk assessment when lending to associations of condominiums (ajoah). So far, they often were denied loans due to the fact that potential borrowers had the classic statements. Now, the NBU clarified how to work with them. So the banks have to stop so often to deny a condominium in lending.
“Banks want to work with condominiums, but did not understand how to do it and what will be the key. The issue of collateral is an important limiting factor. But as has already been shown in practice, it is essentially a secure segment for lending. Tenants regularly pay the loans,” — said Fesenko.
7. Open data
Creditors are permitted to use for the assessment of credit risk reporting of companies, which is publicly available: on the official websites of companies, public database of the NSSMC official publications, VSU, CMU. This makes it easier to obtain information for analysis and saves time financiers.
“We had to collect paper statements with signatures and seals, take it to the Bank or send his employee to the company. Now the need for logistics is no longer enough reporting on the websites that are official for calculation of financial indicators of the borrower,” — said Kravetz.
What of all this?
The key point of the majority of innovation — the savings banks on their reserves. For financiers this is important, because as soon as they see the need for big money frost, almost always refuse to borrowers in lending. Now bounce should be less, experts say.
“The new rules make a more objective assessment of risk. On the background of certain economic factors should lead to growth in the volume of loans over time. The increase will not be at the expense of high-risk operations, but at the expense of a more objective risk assessment, where previously everything was strictly regulated,” — says Director of legal Affairs of the Bank Credit Dnepr Maxim Grinchenko.
But the General economic and legal background in the credit market have not changed, celebrate a specialist. Experts list the following problems:
- banks are not protected from unscrupulous borrowers;
- the courts are involved;
- the debt burden on borrowers is high;
- banks burdened with large reserves for credit defaults;
- the creditors are sorely lacking long-term resources for lending.
Ambiguous rules called the exception of some liens, such as property rights, from the calculation of risk. They are now recognized as a totally unacceptable provision. The same controversial is the requirement of the signature of the pledgor in the inspection reports (previously such strict requirements were not), or rules in relation to troubled borrowers and assets in the combat zone in the Crimea. “These assets there is no possibility to hire an external company for inspection”, — said Grinchenko.
Financiers are counting on the emergence over time of the new regulation of the national Bank, more seriously simplifies the requirements for assessing borrowers. Meanwhile, they promise to increase lending to not more than 10%.
